Nemolizumab (Nemluvio – Galderma), a subcutaneously injected interleukin-31 (IL-31) receptor antagonist, has been approved by the FDA for use in combination with topical corticosteroids and/or calcineurin inhibitors for treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis in patients ≥12 years old whose disease is not adequately controlled with topical prescription drugs. It is the first IL-31 receptor antagonist to be approved in the US for this indication. Nemolizumab was approved earlier for treatment of prurigo nodularis in adults.
THE DISORDER — Atopic dermatitis (also known as...
- Vadadustat (Vafseo) for Anemia of Chronic Kidney Disease
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ISSUE
The FDA has approved the hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (HIF-PHI) vadadustat (Vafseo – Akebia) for oral treatment of anemia due to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adults who have been on dialysis for at least 3 months. Vadadustat is the second HIF-PHI to be approved in the US for this indication; daprodustat (Jesduvroq) was approved earlier, but it was withdrawn from the US market in 2024 for commercial reasons.1
STANDARD TREATMENT — Erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs; see Table 4) have been the standard treatment for patients with anemia due to CKD, but hyporesponsiveness/resistance can occur and the risk of cardiovascular events has limited their use. Other options include blood transfusions and iron replacement therapy.
MECHANISM OF ACTION …